ASSESSMENT AND COMPARISON OF INDONESIAN CURRICULUM WITH MALAYSIA, SINGAPORE, CHINA, KOREA, JAPAN, UNITED STATES, AND FINLAND [A Systematic Review in the Context of Educational Globalization]
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37755/jsap.v14i1.1780Keywords:
Curriculum, Global Education, International Comparison, Curriculum Reform, 21st Century CompetenciesAbstract
This study aims to examine and compare the Indonesian curriculum with seven developed and developing countries, namely Malaysia, Singapore, China, South Korea, Japan, the United States, and Finland. The curriculum as a strategic instrument of education has an important role in producing superior generations who are able to compete globally. The research method used is a literature review with a comparative qualitative approach. The results of the study show that although the Indonesian curriculum has undergone many reforms, it still faces challenges in terms of flexibility, integration of 21st century competencies, and relevance to the business and industrial world (DUDI). Compared to countries such as Finland which prioritizes personalization of learning or Japan which emphasizes morals and social cooperation, the Indonesian curriculum is still focused on cognitive and is not optimal in strengthening character and digital literacy. This study recommends adjusting the Indonesian curriculum to be more adaptive, contextual, and based on local-global needs.References
Anderson, J. (2021). Vygotsky Revisited: Social Learning and Curriculum. Routledge.
Beers, S. Z. (2022). STEM to STEAM: Igniting Imagination and Innovation through the Arts. ASCD.
Bray, M., Adamson, B., & Mason, M. (2022). Comparative Education Research: Approaches and Methods. Springer.
Fullan, M., & Langworthy, M. (2022). New Pedagogies for Deep Learning. Pearson.
Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi Republik Indonesia. (2023). Panduan Implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka.
Ministry of Education China. (2022). Education Modernization 2035.
Ministry of Education Malaysia. (2020). Kurikulum Standard Sekolah Menengah (KSSM).
Ministry of Education Singapore. (2021). Curriculum Framework.
Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology Japan. (2021). Course of Study.
National Board of Education Finland. (2020). Finnish National Core Curriculum.
OECD. (2020). Education at a Glance 2020. OECD Publishing.
OECD. (2023). Future of Education and Skills 2030: Curriculum Redesign. Paris: OECD Publishing.
Partnership for 21st Century Learning. (2009). Framework for 21st Century Learning.
Suárez-Orozco, M., & Sattin, C. (2023). Culture, Identity, and Curriculum Reform in a Global Age. Harvard Education Press.
UNESCO. (2022). Education for Inclusive Societies. Paris: UNESCO.
